← Explorer/Network

Multiple Cytokines and Acute Inflammation Raise Mouse Leptin Levels: Potential Role in Inflammatory Anorexia

Pasha Sarraf, Robert Frederich, Ewa M. Turner +7 more1997The Journal of Experimental MedicineJournal Article
10.1084/jem.185.1.171PubMedFree full text
CardiovascularEndocrine (ADH/ACTH/MSH)GastrointestinalHypothalamic-PituitaryImmune/InnateMusculoskeletalNeurologicalOcularRespiratory/Sinus
Bacterial EndotoxinsIndoor Mold (Stachybotrys, Aspergillus, etc.)MycotoxinsVolatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)Water-Damaged Buildings (WDB)

Abstract

Several inflammatory cytokines, most notably tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1, induce anorexia and loss of lean body mass, common manifestations of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. In C57BL/6 female mice, the administration of TNF, IL-1, and, to a lesser extent, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), produced a prompt and dose-dependent increase in serum leptin levels and leptin mRNA expression in fat. IL-10, IL-4, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and IL-2, cytokines not known to induce anorexia or decrease food intake, had no effect on leptin gene expression or serum leptin levels. After administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leptin gene expression and leptin levels were increased. These findings suggest that leptin levels may be one mechanism by which anorexia is induced during acute inflammatory conditions.

Key Biomarkers

Alpha Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)Immunoglobulin E (IgE)LeptinMatrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)Visual Contrast Sensitivity (VCS)

Symptom Clusters

Confusion and word finding difficultyCough and shortness of breathExcessive thirst and frequent urinationFatigueHeadacheLight sensitivityMemory loss and concentration difficultyMood and appetite swingsMuscle and joint painNight sweatsSinus congestionTingling in extremitiesVisual contrast sensitivity deficits

Cited By (50)

  • The weight of leptin in immunityNature reviews. Immunology · 2004
  • Leptin regulates proinflammatory immune responsesThe FASEB Journal · 1998
  • Sick building syndrome (SBS) and exposure to water-damaged buildings: Time series study, clinical trial and mechanismsNeurotoxicology and Teratology · 2006
  • COVID-19 Severity in Obesity: Leptin and Inflammatory Cytokine Interplay in the Link Between High Morbidity and MortalityFrontiers in Immunology · 2021
  • Leptin deficiency enhances sensitivity to endotoxin-induced lethalityAmerican Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · 1999
  • Sulfated Chinese Yam Polysaccharides Alleviate LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation in Mice through Modulating Intestinal MicrobiotaFoods · 2023
  • The Role of the Adipokine Leptin in Immune Cell Function in Health and Disease

Related Papers

  • Synergistic interaction in simultaneous exposure to Streptomyces californicus and Stachybotrys chartarumEnvironmental Health Perspectives · 2004 · 14 shared tags
  • Comparison of inflammatory and cytotoxic lung responses in mice after intratracheal exposure to spores of two different Stachybotrys chartarum strainsToxicological Sciences · 2004 · 14 shared tags
  • Localization of Satratoxin-G in Stachybotrys chartarum Spores and Spore-Impacted Mouse Lung Using ImmunocytochemistryToxicologic Pathology · 2004 · 14 shared tags
  • Correction to “Maitotoxin induces biphasic interleukin-1β secretion and membrane blebbing in murine macrophages”Mol Pharmacol · 2004 · 14 shared tags
  • HUMAN VISUAL FUNCTION IN THE NORTH CAROLINA CLINICAL STUDYON POSSIBLE ESTUARY-ASSOCIATED SYNDROMEJournal of Toxicology and Environmental Health · 2001 · 14 shared tags
  • Effectiveness of cholestyramine in the detoxification of zearalenone as determined in miceBulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · 1995 ·
Frontiers in Immunology · 2021
  • Endotoxin stimulates leptin in the human and nonhuman primateThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · 2003
  • Association of Adipose Tissue and Adipokines with Development of Obesity-Induced Liver CancerInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2021
  • Leptin and Asthma: What Are the Interactive Correlations?Biomolecules · 2022
  • Leptin modulates gene expression in the heart, cardiomyocytes and the adipose tissue thus mitigating LPS-induced damageExperimental Cell Research · 2021
  • Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Strain-Specific Differences in Neuroinflammation and MHC-I Pathway Regulation in the Brains of Bl6 and 129Sv MiceCells · 2022
  • The Function of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Involvement of Oxidative Stress MediatorsFrontiers in Neuroscience · 2021
  • Canine Cytokines Profile in an Endemic Region of L. infantum: Related FactorsVeterinary Sciences · 2022
  • Relevance and consequence of chronic inflammation for obesity developmentMolecular and Cellular Pediatrics · 2023
  • Discriminatory Value of Adiponectin to Leptin Ratio for COVID-19 PneumoniaInternational Journal of Endocrinology · 2022
  • Metabolic regulation of T cells in the tumor microenvironment by nutrient availability and dietSeminars in Immunology · 2021
  • Role for Leptin and Leptin Receptors in Stem Cells During Health and DiseasesStem Cell Reviews and Reports · 2021
  • Invited review: Mechanisms of hypophagia during diseaseJournal of Dairy Science · 2021
  • Umbilical Cord Blood Leptin and IL-6 in the Presence of Maternal Diabetes or ChorioamnionitisFrontiers in Endocrinology · 2022
  • Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Formation of Adipokines, Cytokines, and Oxylipins in Retroperitoneal Adipose Tissue of MiceInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2024
  • Mechanisms and pharmacotherapy of cancer cachexia‐associated anorexiaPharmacology Research & Perspectives · 2025
  • Leptin in the regulation of immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesisJournal of Leukocyte Biology · 2000
  • The Molecular Basis and Therapeutic Potential of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor in Cancer CachexiaCancers · 2022
  • Serum leptin level as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in infectious diseases and sepsisMedicine · 2021
  • An evidence review of the association of immune and inflammatory markers with obesity-related eating behaviorsBollettino del Centro di Studi Vichiani... · 2022
  • Effect of Leptin Levels of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic ComplicationsClinical and investigative medicine · 2022
  • Serum leptin level in rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with disease activityTikrit Journal of Pure Science · 2023
  • Immunomodulatory effects of cyclotides isolated from Viola odorata in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animal model of multiple sclerosisMultiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · 2022
  • Lipid metabolic adaptations during inflammation are controlled by the circadian clock and impaired by light at nightInflammation Research · 2025
  • Leptin and Insulin in COPD: Unveiling the Metabolic-Inflammatory Axis—A Narrative ReviewJournal of Clinical Medicine · 2025
  • Zinc Supplementation Might Not Affect Serum Leptin and Adiponectin Levels in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical TrialsIranian Journal of Public Health · 2021
  • Immunohistochemical identification and assessment of the location of leptin, visfatin and chemerin in the liver of men with different body mass indexBMC Gastroenterology · 2022
  • The mechanism of leptin and IGF-1 in the diabetic rheumatoid arthritis Iraqi patientsJournal of Physics Conference Series · 2021
  • IL-1β in Neoplastic Disease and the Role of Its Tumor-Derived Form in the Progression and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate CancerCancers · 2025
  • Leptin as a proinflammatory cytokineContributions to nephrology · 2006
  • Accelerated Adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Mice Lacking IFITM3 Preserves Distinct Tropism and PathogenesisbioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2025
  • Cancer cachexia: molecular basis and therapeutic advancesSignal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · 2026
  • Combined analysis of cytokines and neurofilaments improves differentiation and prognostication in ALSResearch Square · 2022
  • Adipokines in dental pulp: Physiological, pathological, and potential therapeutic rolesJournal of Oral Biosciences · 2021
  • Suicide as an Inflammatory Process: A CRP-based Case-control StudyTurkish Journal of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine · 2021
  • Predictive Factors of Mortality of Tuberculosis Patients Dead of Tuberculosis in Côte d'IvoireWorld Journal of Public Health · 2025
  • The role of leptin in human physiologyPhysiological Research · 1997
  • Inflammation and osteosarcopeniaElsevier eBooks · 2022
  • Linking Infection, Immunity, and Symptoms for Age-Dependent Influenza SeveritybioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2026
  • Vagotomy suppresses food intake by increasing GLP-1 secretion via the M3 AChR-AMPKα pathway in miceMolecular and Cellular Endocrinology · 2025
  • IFITM3 deficiency drives SARS-CoV-2 adaptation while preserving variant-specific traitsNature Communications · 2026
  • Effect of Smoking and Periodontitis on Adropin Level in Gingival Crevicular FluidSüleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · 2025
  • Mucin2 protein (MUC2), ghrelin (GHRL) and obestatin (OB) as physiological biomarkers in patients infected with Giardia lamblia parasiteInternational Journal of Health Sciences · 2022
  • Energy Balance and Neuroendocrine-Immune Regulation in Chronic Inflammatory and Neoplastic Diseases: An Evolutionary PerspectiveMasterclass in neuroendocrinology · 2023
  • References (1)

    • Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-RCell · 1995
    14 shared tags