Natural and TGF-β–induced Foxp3+CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells are not mirror images of each other
Abstract
Foxp3(+) CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory cell (Treg) subsets that maintain immunologic homeostasis have been considered to be a homogeneous population of naturally occurring, thymus-derived CD4(+)CD25(+) cells (nTregs). However, similar Foxp3+ Tregs can be induced from CD25(-) precursors in vivo, and ex vivo with interleukin 2 (IL-2) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) (iTregs). These two subsets differ in their principal antigen specificities and in the T-cell receptor signal strength and co-stimulatory requirements needed for their generation. However, whether iTregs have any unique functions in vivo has been unclear. Although IL-6 can convert nTregs to Th17 cells, iTregs induced by IL-2 and TGF-beta are resistant to this cytokine and thereby might retain suppressive function at inflammatory sites. Thus, nTregs and iTregs may have different roles in the adaptive immune response.
Key Biomarkers
Cited By (9)
- Inflammation-driven reprogramming of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells into pathogenic Th1/Th17 T effectors is abrogated by mTOR inhibition in vivoPLoS ONE · 2012
- The T helper type 17/regulatory T cell imbalance in patients with acute Kawasaki diseaseClinical & Experimental Immunology · 2010
- Cytokine Overproduction, T-Cell Activation, and Defective T-Regulatory Functions Promote Nephritis in Systemic Lupus ErythematosusJournal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology · 2010
- Translational mini-review series on Th17 cells: induction of interleukin-17 production by regulatory T cellsClinical & Experimental Immunology · 2010
- Therapeutic potential of TGF-β-induced CD4+Foxp3+regulatory T cells in autoimmune diseasesAutoimmunity · 2011
- Fyn Promotes Th17 Differentiation by Regulating the Kinetics of RORγt and Foxp3 ExpressionThe Journal of Immunology · 2012
- Nature and nurture in Foxp3 (+) regulatory T cell development, stability, and function
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