Toxic mold and mycotoxins in neurotoxicity cases: Stachybotrys, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Trichothecenes
2003Psychological ReportsJournal Article
Endocrine (ADH/ACTH/MSH)Hypothalamic-PituitaryImmune/InnateNeurologicalRespiratory/Sinus
Indoor Mold (Stachybotrys, Aspergillus, etc.)MycotoxinsWater-Damaged Buildings (WDB)
Abstract
Presented is the argument that psychologists and neuropsychologists have no scientific basis for rendering opinions about causation given the current state of the literature. The critical question is whether in a residence or office inhalation of mold spores or mold metabolites, including mycotoxins, causes neuropsychological impairment or mental and emotional disorders. There has not been sufficient research to support such conclusions. Nonetheless, in the context of litigation, speculative opinions are rendered in lieu of scientifically well-founded conclusions. Resources for recognizing and coping with pseudoscientific arguments are suggested.
Key Biomarkers
Abnormal nerve conduction studiesAbnormal QEEG (alpha/theta band hyperactivity in frontal areas)Abnormal T and B cell subsetsAntinuclear autoantibodies (ANA)Autoantibodies against smooth muscle (ASM)CNS and PNS myelin autoantibodiesElevated mold-specific serum antibodiesNeural autoantibodies (myelin basic protein, MAG, GM1, sulfatide, MOG)Reduced pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1)Trichothecene toxins in urine and serum
Symptom Clusters
Autonomic nervous system dysfunctionBalance and gait disturbanceCognitive impairment consistent with mild traumatic brain injuryDepression and mood disturbanceDizziness and vertigoExecutive dysfunction and poor judgmentImpaired reaction time and psychomotor speedMemory impairment and concentration deficitsPeripheral neuropathy (numbness, tingling, tremors, muscle weakness)Post-traumatic stress and adjustment disorderRespiratory symptoms (rhinorrhea, wheezing, airway irritation)Visuospatial learning and memory deficits
Cited By (3)
- Medizinisch klinische Diagnostik bei Schimmelpilzexposition in Innenräumen – Update 2023 (AWMF-Register-Nr. 161/001)Pneumologie · 2024
- AWMF mold guideline “Medical clinical diagnostics for indoor mold exposure” – Update 2023 AWMF Register No. 161/001Allergologie select · 2024
- Medical diagnostics for indoor mold exposureInternational Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · 2017
References (12)
- Building-Associated Pulmonary Disease From Exposure toStachybotrys chartarum and Aspergillus versicolorJournal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · 1998
- Fungi: toxic killers or unavoidable nuisances?Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · 2001
- Neuropsychological performance of patients following mold exposureApplied Neuropsychology · 2002
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