Inflammatory responses in Raw264.7 macrophages caused by mycobacteria isolated from moldy houses
Abstract
Mycobacterial strains (nonpathogenic Mycobacterium terrae, potentially pathogenic Mycobacterium avium-complex and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum), isolated from a moldy building, were studied with respect to their ability to stimulate macrophages (RAW264.7) to produce inflammatory mediators, and to cause cytotoxicity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by chemiluminescence, cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1, IL-10) immunochemically, nitric oxide (NO) by Griess-method, expression of inducible NO-synthase (iNOS) with Western Blot analysis and cytotoxicity with MTT-test. All the strains induced dose- and time-dependent production of NO, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in macrophages, whereas IL-1 or IL-10 production was not detected. The production of ROS and cytotoxicity was increased with the highest doses. Interestingly, different strains had significant differences in their ability to induce these responses, M. terrae being the most potent and M. avium-complex the weakest one. These results indicate that both non- and potentially pathogenic strains of mycobacteria present in moldy buildings are capable of activating inflammatory mechanisms in macrophages.
Key Biomarkers
Cited By (9)
- Mycobacterium terrae isolated from indoor air of a moisture-damaged building induces sustained biphasic inflammatory response in mouse lungsEnvironmental Health Perspectives · 2002
- Respiratory inflammatory responses among occupants of a water-damaged office buildingIndoor Air · 2008
- Nontuberculous mycobacteria in the environmentClinics in Chest Medicine · 2002
- Bacterial strains from moldy buildings are highly potent inducers of inflammatory and cytotoxic effectsIndoor Air · 2005
- Mycobacterial aerosols and respiratory diseaseEmerging infectious diseases · 2003
- Potentially pathogenic, slow-growing mycobacteria released into workplace air during the remediation of buildingsJournal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene · 2004
- Comparison of mycobacteria-induced cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses in human and mouse cell lines
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