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Trems in the immune system and beyond

Colonna M2003Nature reviews. ImmunologyReview
10.1038/nri1106PubMed
Immune/InnateMusculoskeletalNeurological

Abstract

Triggering receptors expressed by myeloid cells (TREMs) belong to a rapidly expanding family of receptors that include activating and inhibitory isoforms encoded by a gene cluster linked to the MHC. TREM1 and TREM2 activate myeloid cells by signalling through the adaptor protein DAP12. TREM1 triggers phagocyte secretion of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, amplifying the inflammation that is induced by bacteria and fungi. TREM2 activates monocyte-derived dendritic cells and regulates osteoclast development. Remarkably, TREM2 deficiency leads to a severe disease that is characterized by bone cysts and demyelination of the central nervous system, which results in dementia, implying that the function of TREM2 extends beyond the immune system.

Key Biomarkers

DAP12Pro-inflammatory chemokinesPro-inflammatory cytokinesTREM1TREM2

Symptom Clusters

Bone cystsDementiaDemyelination

Cited By (2)

  • Exploring the Pro-Phagocytic and Anti-Inflammatory Functions of PACAP and VIP in Microglia: Implications for Multiple SclerosisInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2022
  • Innate and adaptive immunity: specificities and signaling hierarchies revisitedNature Immunology · 2004

References (1)

  • Toll-like receptors and innate immunityNature reviews. Immunology · 2001

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