Biological Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Peptaibols on Mammalian Cells
Abstract
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Aug. 2004, p. 4996–5004 Vol. 70, No. 8 0099-2240/04/$08.000 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.8.4996–5004.2004 Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Biological Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Peptaibols on Mammalian Cells Joanna Peltola,1* Alberto Ritieni,2 Raimo Mikkola,1 Pavel A. Grigoriev,1,3 Gabriella Po´csfalvi,4 Maria A. Andersson,1 and Mirja S. Salkinoja-Salonen1 Division of Microbiology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland1; Department of Food Science, “Federico II” Naples University, 80055 Portici,2 and Proteomic and Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Institute of Food Science and Technology, CNR, 83100 Avellino,4 Italy; and Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia3 Received 19 December 2003/Accepted 27 April 2004 Trichoderma species isolated from water-damaged buildings were screened for toxicity by using boar sperm cells as indicator cells. The crude methanolic cell extract from Trichoderma harzianum strain ES39 inhibited the boar sperm cell motility at a low exposure concentration (50% effective concentration, 1 to 5 g [dry weight] ml of extended boar semen1). The same exposure concentration depleted the boar sperm cells of NADH2. Inspection of the exposed boar sperm cells by transmission electron microscopy revealed damage to the plasma membrane. By using the black lipid membrane technique, it was shown that the semipurified metabolites (eluted from a SepPak C18 cartridge) of T. harzianum strain ES39 induced voltage-dependent conductivity. The high-performance liquid chromatography-purified metabolites of T. harzianum strain ES39 dissipated the mitochondrial membrane potential (m) of human lung epithelial carcinoma cells (cell line A549). The semipurified metabolites (eluted from a SepPak C18 cartridge) of T. harzianum strain ES39 were analyzed by mass spectrometr
Key Biomarkers
References (3)
- Fungal Fragments as Indoor Air BiocontaminantsApplied and Environmental Microbiology · 2002
- Toxic-Metabolite-Producing Bacteria and Fungus in an Indoor EnvironmentApplied and Environmental Microbiology · 2001
- Bacteria, molds, and toxins in water-damaged building materialsApplied and Environmental Microbiology · 1997
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