Foxp3+ regulatory T cells: differentiation, specification, subphenotypes
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) characterized by expression of the transcription factor Foxp3 play a key role in immune homeostasis. Rather than a monomorphic population strictly determined by Foxp3 as a 'master regulator', the emerging view is one of T(reg) cells as a population with many levels of complexity. Several regulatory factors partake in the control of their transcriptional 'signature', with Foxp3 being a key regulator but insufficient and unnecessary to specify all aspects of the lineage. Distinct subphenotypes of Foxp3+ T(reg) cells are found in different anatomical locations. Some subphenotypes specifically control different facets of effector T cell function and, perhaps surprisingly, share transcriptional control elements with the very cells they regulate. This review will focus on these novel aspects of T(reg) cell diversity.
Key Biomarkers
Cited By (11)
- The transcriptional regulators IRF4, BATF and IL-33 orchestrate development and maintenance of adipose tissue-resident regulatory T cellsNature Immunology · 2015
- Pathogenic T cells have a paradoxical protective effect in murine autoimmune diabetes by boosting TregsJournal of Clinical Investigation · 2010
- Regulatory T Cells Enhance Mast Cell Production of IL-6 via Surface-Bound TGF-βThe Journal of Immunology · 2012
- Inflammation-driven reprogramming of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells into pathogenic Th1/Th17 T effectors is abrogated by mTOR inhibition in vivoPLoS ONE · 2012
- IL-7 signaling and CD127 receptor regulation in the control of T cell homeostasisSeminars in Immunology · 2012
- Function and Role of Regulatory T Cells in Rheumatoid ArthritisFrontiers in Immunology · 2021
- Low Circulating CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T Regulatory Cell Levels Predict Miscarriage Risk in Newly Pregnant Women with a History of Failure
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