Transforming growth factor-beta-induced regulatory T cells referee inflammatory and autoimmune diseases
Abstract
Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells mediate immune suppression to limit immunopathogenesis associated with chronic inflammation, persistent infections and autoimmune diseases. Their mode of suppression is contact-dependent, antigen-nonspecific and involves a nonredundant contribution from the cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta. Not only can TGF-beta mediate cell-cell suppression between the regulatory T cells and CD4+CD25- or CD8+ T cells, but new evidence also reveals its role in the conversion of CD4+CD25- T cells, together with TCR antigen stimulation, into the regulatory phenotype. Elemental to this conversion process is induction of expression of the forkhead transcription factor, Foxp3. This context-dependent coercion of naive CD4+ T cells into a powerful subset of regulatory cells provides a window into potential manipulation of these cells to orchestrate therapeutic intervention in diseases characterized by inadequate suppression, as well as a promising means of controlling pathologic situations in which excessive suppression dominates.
Key Biomarkers
Symptom Clusters
References (6)
- TGF-β1 Plays an Important Role in the Mechanism of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cell Activity in Both Humans and MiceThe Journal of Immunology · 2004
- Conversion of Peripheral CD4+CD25− Naive T Cells to CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells by TGF-β Induction of Transcription Factor Foxp3The Journal of Experimental Medicine · 2003
- Control of T‐cell activation by CD4+ CD25+ suppressor T cellsImmunological Reviews · 2001
- CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: differences in the presence, phenotype, and function between peripheral blood and synovial fluidArthritis & Rheumatism · 2004
- CD4+CD25− T Cells That Express Latency-Associated Peptide on the Surface Suppress CD4+CD45RBhigh-Induced Colitis by a TGF-β-Dependent MechanismThe Journal of Immunology · 2003
- The role of the combination of IL-2 and TGF-β or IL-10 in the generation and function of CD4+ CD25+ and CD8+regulatory T cell subsetsJournal of Leukocyte Biology · 2003
Related Papers
- Pro-resolving and anti-arthritic properties of the MC1 selective agonist PL8177Frontiers in Immunology · 2022 · 1 shared tag
- Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Formation of Adipokines, Cytokines, and Oxylipins in Retroperitoneal Adipose Tissue of MiceInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2024 · 1 shared tag
- Fungal immunity and pathogenesis in mammals versus the invertebrate model organismGalleria mellonellaPathogens and Disease · 2021 · 1 shared tag
- TLR signaling pathway and the effects of main immune cells and epigenetics factors on the diagnosis and treatment of infertility and sterilityHeliyon · 2024 · 1 shared tag
- CGRP sensory neurons promote tissue healing via neutrophils and macrophagesNature · 2024 · 1 shared tag
- Invited review: Mechanisms of hypophagia during diseaseJournal of Dairy Science · 2021 · 1 shared tag