Cytokines and innate inflammation in the pathogenesis of human traumatic brain injury
Abstract
Cytokines and innate inflammation in the pathogenesis of human traumatic brain injury Adel Helmy a,*, Maria-Grazia De Simoni b, Mathew R. Guilfoyle a, Keri L.H. Carpenter a,c, Peter J. Hutchinson a,c a Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Box 167, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK b Laboratory of Inflammation and Nervous System Diseases, Mario Negri Institute, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy c Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Box 167, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 2. Evidence from experimental models of traumatic brain injury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 2.1. Interleukin 1 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 2.1.1. Interleukin 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 2.1.2. IL18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 2.2. Interleukin 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 2.3. Tumour necrosis factor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Key Biomarkers
References (6)
- Complement components of the innate immune system in health and disease in the CNSImmunopharmacology · 2000
- IL-1β Regulates Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability via Reactivation of the Hypoxia-Angiogenesis ProgramThe Journal of Immunology · 2006
- Involvement of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injuryNeurotherapeutics · 2010
- Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist attenuates regional neuronal cell death and cognitive dysfunction after experimental brain injuryJournal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · 1999
- Interleukin-1 and inflammatory neurodegenerationBiochemical Society Transactions · 2007
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