Erythropoietin as a Tissue-Protective Cytokine in Brain Injury: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go?
Abstract
In the 10 years since neurotrophic activity was first reported for erythropoietin (EPO), a broad understanding of its multiple paracrine/autocrine functions has emerged. Recent studies firmly establish EPO as a multifunctional molecule, typical of the pliotrophic cytokine superfamily of which it is a member. The realization that EPO activates neuroprotection by multiple mechanisms has identified a generalized system of local tissue protection with EPO as a critical component. Here, the authors characterize the biology of the local tissue-protective system, review data that support this concept, and suggest why non-hematopoietic analogues of EPO may be better choices as therapeutics.
Key Biomarkers
Cited By (3)
- Erythropoietin prevents vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in subtotal nephrectomized rat aorta beyond haematopoiesisClinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · 2010
- Methylprednisolone neutralizes the beneficial effects of erythropoietin in experimental spinal cord injuryProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 2005
- Erythropoietin protects dopaminergic neurons and improves neurobehavioral outcomes in juvenile rats after neonatal hypoxia-ischemiaPediatric Research · 2005
References (5)
- Erythropoietin-mediated neuroprotection involves cross-talk between Jak2 and NF-κB signalling cascadesNature · 2001
- Erythropoietin and erythropoietin receptor in human ischemic/hypoxic brainActa Neuropathologica · 2001
- Erythropoietin crosses the blood-brain barrier to protect against experimental brain injuryProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 2000
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