Biyolojide Güncel Yaklaşımlar

Abstract

domestic and wild animals but also in humans (Brdy, 2005;Al-Khayri et al., 2023).Toxins are naturally derived poisons that consist of some of the most hazardous substances known (Bissette, 2014).Numerous organisms generate toxins, which are compounds that have detrimental effects on other living beings.Toxins have also been linked to public health concerns and agricultural issues, particularly in the context of food contamination, including bacterial and fungal toxins (FDA, 2024).Toxins in nature serve two fundamental roles: predation and defense.Predation refers to the process of neutralizing a potential prey organism, as observed in species such as spiders, jellyfish, wasps, and sea anemones (HAB, 2024a).Defense mechanisms in organisms aim to deter potential predators.For instance, species like honey bees, ants, and monarch butterflies, along with certain plants like broccoli, produce toxic compounds as a strategy to discourage herbivory by insects [Rojas & Burdfield-Steel, 2018].Toxins; it refers to the toxic material or recombinant molecule of microorganisms, poisonous plants, animals, viruses, fungi or infectious substances.They are toxic chemicals, usually protein in nature, that are produced by living organisms and have specific biological properties, including immunogenicity (WHO,

Part of Mold & water-damaged buildings research · Curated by Lauren Lowenstein, The Biotoxin Lady