Pathophysiological aspects of exposure to dampness-associated indoor mould and mycotoxins: A mini-overview

Abstract

Indoor mould growth presents a potential health risk. The aim of this writing is to provide an overview on the pathophysiological aspects of exposure to dampness-associated indoor mould and mycotoxins. The paper briefly deals with the host's defence against mould invasion; mechanisms by which moulds can override the host's defence mechanisms; potential adverse health effects posed by moulds, as well as symptoms and disorders associated with exposure to indoor moulds, including respiratory disorders, and non-respiratory disorders. References to recent in-depth reviews on specific aspects of the subject are provided. The prominent role of the inflammatory response, both as a defence mechanism against mould invasion and as the basis for mould-associated pathology is pointed out.