← Explorer/Network

Dampness and moulds in workplace buildings: Associations with incidence and remission of sick building syndrome (SBS) and biomarkers of inflammation in a 10 year follow-up study

Xin Zhang, Bo Sahlberg, Gunilla Wieslander +3 more2012The Science of The Total EnvironmentCohort study
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.040PubMedFree full text
DermatologicalImmune/InnateRespiratory/Sinus
Indoor Mold (Stachybotrys, Aspergillus, etc.)Water-Damaged Buildings (WDB)

Abstract

There are few longitudinal studies on health effects of dampness and moulds in workplace buildings. We studied associations between dampness and indoor moulds in workplace buildings and selected biomarkers as well as incidence and remission of sick building syndrome (SBS). The study was based on a ten-year prospective study (1992-2002) in a random sample of adults (N=429) from the Uppsala part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). The 10-year incidence (onset) of general, mucosal, dermal symptoms and any symptom improved when away from the workplace (work-related symptoms) was 7.2%, 11.6%, 6.4% and 9.4% respectively. The 10-year remission of general, mucosal, dermal symptoms and work-related symptoms was 71.4%, 57.1%, 70.4% and 72.2% respectively. Signs of dampness in the floor construction in any workplace building during follow up (cumulative exposure) was associated with incidence of mucosal symptoms (OR=2.43). Cumulative exposure to moldy odor was associated with incidence of work-related symptoms (OR=2.69). Cumulative exposure to dampness or moulds was associated with decreased remission of work-related symptoms (OR=0.20 for water leakage, OR=0.17 for floor dampness, and OR=0.17 for visible indoor mould growth). Working in a building repaired because of dampness (repaired building) or mould was associated with decreased remission of work-related symptoms (OR=0.32). Any dampness or moulds at baseline in the workplace building was associated with increased bronchial responsiveness (BR) and higher levels of Eosinphilic Cationic Protein (ECP) in serum and Eosinophilic counts in blood at baseline. Cumulative exposure to dampness and moulds, and work in a repaired building, was associated with increased BR at follow-up. In general, dampness and moulds in the workplace building is associated with increased incidence and decreased remission of SBS, as well as increased bronchial responsiveness and eosinophilic inflammation.

Symptom Clusters

Dermal symptoms

Cited By (15)

  • Indoor microbiome and allergic diseases: From theoretical advances to prevention strategiesEco-Environment & Health · 2022
  • NIOSH Dampness and Mold Assessment Tool (DMAT): Documentation and Data Analysis of Dampness and Mold-Related Damage in Buildings and Its ApplicationBuildings · 2022
  • Medizinisch klinische Diagnostik bei Schimmelpilzexposition in Innenräumen – Update 2023 (AWMF-Register-Nr. 161/001)Pneumologie · 2024
  • The Continuum of Severity of Functional Impairment Due to Indoor Air SymptomsJournal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · 2023
  • In Vitro Systems for Toxicity Evaluation of Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds on Humans: Current Status and TrendsJournal of Fungi · 2022
  • What effect do mycotoxins, cell wall components, enzymes and other mold components and metabolites have on our health?Allergo Journal International · 2024

Related Papers

  • Poorly controlled asthma – Easy wins and future prospects for addressing fungal allergyAllergology International · 2023 · 5 shared tags
  • The Sick Building Syndrome as a Part of the Autoimmune (Autoinflammatory) Syndrome Induced by Adjuvant2024 · 5 shared tags
  • Medizinisch klinische Diagnostik bei Schimmelpilzexposition in Innenräumen – Update 2023 (AWMF-Register-Nr. 161/001)Pneumologie · 2024 · 5 shared tags
  • Onset of mucosal, dermal, and general symptoms in relation to biomarkers and exposures in the dwelling: a cohort study from 1992 to 2002Indoor Air · 2012 · 5 shared tags
  • Clinical experience and results of a sentinel health investigation related to indoor fungal exposureEnvironmental Health Perspectives · 1999 · 5 shared tags
  • Adverse human health effects associated with molds in the indoor environmentJournal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · 2003 · 5 shared tags
Onset characteristics and breadth of occupants’ long-lasting building-related symptoms attributed to living in damp housing conditions in Australia: Qualitative insights
Building and Environment · 2024
  • Fungal exposome, human health, and unmet needs: A 2022 update with special focus on allergyAllergy · 2022
  • How do mycotoxins, cell wall components, enzymes, other mold components and mold metabolites affect health?Allergo Journal · 2024
  • Dampness and mold in homes across China: Associations with rhinitis, ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue among adultsIndoor Air · 2019
  • Remediating buildings damaged by dampness and mould for preventing or reducing respiratory tract symptoms, infections and asthmaCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2015
  • Dampness, mould, onset and remission of adult respiratory symptoms, asthma and rhinitisEuropean Respiratory Journal · 2019
  • Protein profiles of nasal lavage fluid from individuals with work‐related upper airway symptoms associated with moldy and damp buildingsIndoor Air · 2016
  • Ex Vivo Cytokine Release and Pattern Recognition Receptor Expression of Subjects Exposed to Dampness: Pilot Study to Assess the Outcome of Mould Exposure to the Innate Immune SystemPLoS ONE · 2013
  • Association between indoor microbiome exposure and sick building syndrome (SBS) in junior high schools of Johor Bahru, MalaysiaThe Science of The Total Environment · 2021
  • References (3)

    • Prevalence and incidence of respiratory symptoms in relation to indoor dampness: the RHINE studyThorax · 2006
    • Dampness and airway inflammation and systemic symptoms in office building workersArchives of Environmental Health An International Journal · 1999
    • Onset of mucosal, dermal, and general symptoms in relation to biomarkers and exposures in the dwelling: a cohort study from 1992 to 2002Indoor Air · 2012