VIP and tolerance induction in autoimmunity
Abstract
Abstract: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a potent anti‐inflammatory agent with immunoregulatory properties, skewing the immune response to a Th2 pattern of cytokine production. Here, we studied the effect of treatment with VIP in the development of diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, an animal model of type 1 diabetes. Mice treated with VIP from 4 weeks of age did not develop diabetes and showed milder insulitis than nontreated mice. The protective mechanism of VIP was associated with a reduction in the circulating levels of Th1 cytokines. In the pancreas of VIP‐treated animals, regulatory T cell markers predominate, as indicated by the upregulation of FoxP3 and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), and the downregulation of the transcription factor, T‐bet. These findings indicate that VIP restores tolerance to pancreatic islets by promoting the local differentiation and function of regulatory T cells.
Key Biomarkers
Symptom Clusters
Cited By (8)
- New insights into the role of VIP on the ratio of T-cell subsets during the development of autoimmune diabetesImmunology and Cell Biology · 2010
- Anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of VIP and a VPAC1 agonist on streptozotocin-induced diabetic micePeptides · 2011
- VIP balances innate and adaptive immune responses induced by specific stimulation of TLR2 and TLR4Peptides · 2008
- Emerging roles of vasoactive intestinal peptide: a new approach for autoimmune therapyAnnals of the Rheumatic Diseases · 2007
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide regulates Th17 function in autoimmune inflammationNeuroImmunoModulation · 2007
- Tuning immune tolerance with vasoactive intestinal peptide: a new therapeutic approach for immune disordersPeptides · 2007
- Endogenous anti‐inflammatory neuropeptides and pro‐resolving lipid mediators: a new therapeutic approach for immune disorders
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